• A doctoral degree in the field of specialization is required for university professors.
  
• A master's degree in the field of specialization is required for university lecturers.
  
• Licences or professional certification may be required for professors teaching future practitioners in certain professionally regulated fields, such as medicine, engineering, architecture, psychology or law.
  

Post-diploma
Master
Doctorate

Conduct research in field of specialization
Teach one or more university subjects
Serve on faculty committees dealing with research, budgets, curriculum planning and requirements and staffing
Prepare, administer and grade assigned work
Prepare special lectures and presentations for conferences and consultations
Direct research programs of graduate students
Conduct seminars and discussion groups
Conduct laboratory sessions
Advise students on course and academic matters and career decision
Advise on research matters